0. tf.initialize_all_variables()/tf.global_variables_initializer()
What are the differences between tf.initialize_all_variables() and tf.global_variables_initializer()
注意对于 tf.initialize_all_variables() 接口,TensorFlow 文档有一个重要说明:
tf.initialize_all_variables(): THIS FUNCTION IS DEPRECATED. It will be removed after 2017-03-02. Instructions for updating: Use tf.global_variables_initializer instead.
- tf.initialize_all_variables() 该函数将不再使用,在 2017年3月2号以后;
- 用 tf.global_variables_initializer() 替代 tf.initialize_all_variables()
1. 变量初始化
-
(全体)变量初始化的标准形式:
init = tf.initialize_all_variables() sess = tf.Session() sess.run(init)
当然也可简写为:
tf.Session().run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
-
如何有选择地初始化部分变量呢?使用
tf.initialize_variables()
,比如要初始化v_6, v_7, v_8
三个变量:init_new_vars_op = tf.initialize_variables([v_6, v_7, v_8]) sess.run(init_new_vars_op)
-
单个变量初始化:
w = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([2, 2])) w_init = w.initializer # w.initializer 是一个 operation,而不是函数 with tf.Session() as sess: sess.run(w_init)
2. 识别未被初始化的变量
用 try & except 语句块捕获:
uninit_vars = []
for var in tf.all_variables():
try:
sess.run(var)
except tf.errors.FailedPreconditionError:
uninit_vars.append(var)
init_new_vars_op = tf.initialize_variables(uninit_vars)
- <a href=“http://stackoverflow.com/questions/35164529/in-tensorflow-is-there-any-way-to-just-initialize-uninitialised-variables”, target="_blank">In TensorFlow is there any way to just initialize uninitialised variables?
3. 变量的更新
>> state = tf.Variable(1, name='counter')
>> add_one = tf.add(state, tf.constant(1))
>> update = tf.assign(state, add_one)
>> with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(tf.gloabl_variables_initializer())
sess.run(state)
for _ in range(3):
sess.run(update)
print(sess.run(state))
4. Session
A Session object encapsulates the environment in which Tensor objects are evaluated. 一个会话对象(session object)封装了 Tensor 对象待评估(evaluate)的环境信息。
>> a = tf.constant(5.)
>> b = tf.constant(6.)
>> c = a*b
>> with tf.Session() as sess:
print(sess.run(c))
print(c.eval())
在当前活动会话中(currently active session)c.eval() 等价于 sess.run©,是其语法糖形式。
常见的 tf.Session()
- tf.InteractiveSession():ipython 下的一种默认会话;