TensorFlow2-高阶操作（一）：张量合并【concat/拼接（不创造新维度；拼接轴处维度可不同，其他轴维度必须相同）】【stack/堆叠（会创造新维度；各个轴的维度都必须相同）】

一、concat（拼接）

concat()是将tensor沿着指定维度连接起来。

tf.concat(values, axis, name='concat')

• values：A list of Tensor objects or a single Tensor.
• axis：0-D int32 Tensor. Dimension along which to concatenate. Must be in the range [-rank(values), rank(values)). As in Python, indexing for axis is 0-based. Positive axis in the rage of [0, rank(values)) refers to axis-th dimension. And negative axis refers to axis + rank(values)-th dimension.
  • axis=0 代表在第0个维度拼接
  • axis=1 代表在第1个维度拼接
• name：A name for the operation (optional).
• Returns：A Tensor resulting from concatenation of the input tensors.

1、axis=0 代表在第0个维度拼接

import tensorflow as tf

t1 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
t2 = [[7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]]

data1 = tf.concat([t1, t2], 0)

print("data1 = \n", data1)

打印结果：

data1 = 
 tf.Tensor(
[[ 1  2  3]
 [ 4  5  6]
 [ 7  8  9]
 [10 11 12]], shape=(4, 3), dtype=int32)

2、axis=1 代表在第1个维度拼接

import tensorflow as tf

t1 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
t2 = [[7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]]

data2 = tf.concat([t1, t2], 1)

print("data2 = \n", data2)

打印结果：

data2 = 
 tf.Tensor(
[[ 1  2  3  7  8  9]
 [ 4  5  6 10 11 12]], shape=(2, 6), dtype=int32)

二、stack

tf.stack(values, axis=0, name='stack')

• values：list中的所有Tensor的形状和类型必须一致。（A list of Tensor objects with the same shape and the same type.）
• axis：An int. The axis to stack along. Defaults to the first dimension. Negative values wrap around, so the valid range is [-(R+1), R+1).
• name：A name for this operation (optional).
• Returns：output A stacked Tensor with the same type as values.

1、axis=0 代表在第0个维度堆叠

import tensorflow as tf

x = tf.constant([1, 4])
y = tf.constant([2, 5])
z = tf.constant([3, 6])
data0 = tf.stack([x, y, z])

print("x = \n", x)
print("-" * 50)
print("y = \n", y)
print("-" * 50)
print("z = \n", z)
print("-" * 200)
print("data0 = \n", data0)

打印结果：

x = 
 tf.Tensor([1 4], shape=(2,), dtype=int32)
--------------------------------------------------
y = 
 tf.Tensor([2 5], shape=(2,), dtype=int32)
--------------------------------------------------
z = 
 tf.Tensor([3 6], shape=(2,), dtype=int32)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
data0 = 
 tf.Tensor(
[[1 4]
 [2 5]
 [3 6]], shape=(3, 2), dtype=int32)

Process finished with exit code 0

2、axis=1 代表在第1个维度堆叠

import tensorflow as tf

x = tf.constant([1, 4])
y = tf.constant([2, 5])
z = tf.constant([3, 6])
data1 = tf.stack([x, y, z], axis=1)

print("x = \n", x)
print("-" * 50)
print("y = \n", y)
print("-" * 50)
print("z = \n", z)
print("-" * 200)
print("data1 = \n", data1)

打印结果：

x = 
 tf.Tensor([1 4], shape=(2,), dtype=int32)
--------------------------------------------------
y = 
 tf.Tensor([2 5], shape=(2,), dtype=int32)
--------------------------------------------------
z = 
 tf.Tensor([3 6], shape=(2,), dtype=int32)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
data1 = 
 tf.Tensor(
[[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]], shape=(2, 3), dtype=int32)

Process finished with exit code 0

---

---

---

参考资料：
Tensorflow的拼接操作实现——tf.concat()详解
tensorflow中的concat
tensorflow stack unstack操作
TensorFlow函数：tf.unstack